نشریه مدیریت ارتقای سلامت
سال یازدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 54، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1401)

Empathy is one of the main skills in the nursing profession. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between empathy and aesthetic intelligence in nursing staff in Abhar. 

The present study was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population of this study included all nursing staff working in hospitals of Abhar city in 2019. The number of sample in the present study was 300 people. Sampling was by census. Research instruments included a demographic questionnaire, the “Empathy Scale”, and the “Aesthetic Intelligence Test”. The content validity was confirmed by the qualitative method and the reliability of the instruments by the internal consistency method by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS.24.

The sensory component of the "Aesthetic Intelligence Test" had no statistically significant correlation with emotional. But the emotional component of "Aesthetic Intelligence Test" had a positive and significant correlation with the emotional empathy subscale of the "Empathy Scale" at the level (0.01) and with the total score of empathy, a positive correlation at the level (0.05). In addition, the dynamic component of the "Aesthetic Intelligence Test" has a positive and significant correlation with the emotional empathy of the "Empathy Scale" at the level (0.05). The results of simultaneous regression analysis showed that aesthetic intelligence could explain 4.7% of the empathy variance. 

There is a positive correlation between the component of emotional and dynamic empathy of “Aesthetic Intelligence Test” with empathy. It is recommended that aesthetic intelligence be trained to promote empathy among nursing staff.

One of the most important determinants of participation of people with physical disabilities in various activities is self-efficacy. The aim of this study was to determine the role of social capital in relation to sports participation and self-efficacy in the physically disabled in Shahrekord, Iran.

The method of the present study is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of this study included all physically disabled people in Shahrekord (number = 2139). Based on the Cochran's formula, at an error level of 5%, 228 people were selected as the convenience sample. The research instruments were the “Social Capital Questionnaire”, the “Sports Participation Questionnaire”, and the “General Self-Efficacy Scale”. Face validity, content validity by qualitative method and construct validity by convergent validity of instruments and reliability by internal consistency method were evaluated and confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS .23 and PLS 3.

The proposed model had a good fit. Participation in sports activities is significantly correlated with self-efficacy (β=0.448, t=4.935) and social capital (β = 0.165, t = 2.262) of physically disabled. Self-efficacy is also significantly correlated with the social capital of the physically disabled (β=0.231, t=2.524).

Participating in sports activities will increase the self-efficacy of the physically disabled by increasing social capital. It is suggested that psychologists and health professionals pay more attention to the role of sports participation and social capital to improve the self-efficacy of the physically disabled.

Job-related well-being is one of the most important variables related to work. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of “Memory Specificity Training” on the job-related well-being” of employed students of the University of Isfahan.

The present study is a quasi-experimental study. The sample consisted of 36 employed students of the University of Isfahan in 2020. Samples were selected by convenience method and after obtaining a score above 26 from 30 in the "Montreal Cognitive Assessment" and by simple random lottery method in 2 intervention groups and controls, each group of 18 people, were assigned. The participants answered the demographic questionnaire and the “Job-Related Well-Being Scale”, which consisted of two dimensions: contented-anxious and depressed-enthusiastic, twice in the pre-test and post-test replied. The validity of the instruments was examined using face validity and concurrent validity.  Reliability was confirmed by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient as well as split-half coefficient and Guttman coefficient. The intervention group underwent 5 sessions of “Job-Related Well-Being”. The data were then analyzed in SPSS. 22.

The mean of anxiety (F= 24.678 and P= 0.001) and the mean of depression (F= 26.386 and P= 0.001) in the experimental group decreased compared to the control group and the intervention was effective. 

“Job-Related Well-Being” has had the effect of reducing the contented-anxious and depressed-enthusiastic, dimensions and increasing job-related well-being. It is recommended to use “Job-Related Well-Being” to reduce anxiety and depression, increase comfort and enthusiasm, and finally work-related well-being.

Aggressive and oppositional defiant have adverse effects on the inner state of individuals and consequently on interpersonal relationships. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of "Behavior Management Training" for mothers on aggression and oppositional defiant in adolescents.  

The type of research was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population included all mothers and their teenage children girls and boys 13 to 17 years old in Gachsaran in the academic year 1398 who were selected using purposive sampling method and 30 of them were randomly selected using a table of random numbers. They were trained in the intervention and control groups (15 people in each group). In order to collect data from the demographic questionnaire, the "Aggression Questionnaire" and the "Oppositional Defiant Behavior Inventory" were used. Content validity by quality method and the reliability internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient was measured. The experimental group underwent “Behavior Management Training” (60-minute 9 sessions), but the control group did not receive any intervention. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. 24. 

“Behavior Management Training” was effective in reducing aggression and oppositional defiant in adolescents (P < 0.01).

“Behavior Management Training" for mothers reduced aggression and confrontational disobedience in adolescents. Therefore, the use of "Behavior Management Training" by child and adolescent psychologists and therapists is recommended to improve the psychological health of adolescents.

Marital conflict is caused by the incompatibility of the couple in the type of needs and the method of satisfying it and irresponsible behavior towards the marital relationship and marriage. One of the treatments can be couple therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of "Systemic-Behavioral Couple Therapy" on self-differentiation and sexual satisfaction in couples with marital conflict.

The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test design, post-test with control and follow-up groups. The statistical population of this study consisted of couples with marital conflict who referred to 2 health centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran in winter of 2020 (due to easier access of researchers to these two centers). The “Marital Conflict Questionnaire Revised” was used to identify conflicting couples. 20 couples (40 people) who had a score of 115 or more than 270 of the total questionnaire, were selected by simple random sampling method and after matching, were divided into two groups of intervention and control. The instruments used in the study included demographic information, "Index of Sexual Satisfaction", “Differentiation of Self Inventory” and “Marital Conflict Questionnaire Revised”. The validity of the instruments was measured by the content validity ratio method and the reliability by the internal consistency method by calculating the Cronbach's coefficient. "Systemic-Behavioral Couple Therapy" was performed on the intervention group in 10 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS. 21.

Intervention on female sexual satisfaction (P <0.05, F = 15.00), male sexual satisfaction (P <0.05, F = 12.27), female differentiation (P <0.05, F= 22.51) and male differentiation (P <0/05, F=16.92) was effective and this effect remained stable in the follow-up stage. 

“Systemic-Behavioral Couple Therapy” has been effective in increasing the level of sexual satisfaction and differentiation of each couple. It is suggested to use the above method as a practical and effective treatment method to improve their sexual satisfaction and differentiation in couples with marital conflict.

Internet addiction is a behavioral disorder that has devastating effects on the lives of people with disabilities, especially female students. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between boarding school types, attachment styles and emotional processing with Internet addiction among female high school students in Urmia.

The research method of the present study was descriptive-correlation.The statistical population included all female eleventh grade high school students in Urmia in the academic year 2016-2017.375 people were selected by cluster random sampling method. Data collection instruments included "Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire", “Attachment Styles Questionnaire”, "Emotional Processing Questionnaire" and  InternetAddictionTest". Validity has been confirmed in previous studies. The reliability of the instruments was calculated by the internal consistency method by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data were analyzed using SPSS. 21.

There is a significant inverse correlation between boarding school types and Internet addiction (-0.437).Also, there is a direct and significant correlation between attachment styles and Internet addiction, and the avoidance style has the highest correlation coefficient (0.292). Among the emotional processing styles, imbalance variables (-0.241), decomposition (-0.239), impulse control (-0.227), harassment (-0.389) and repression (-0.131)They had a significant inverse correlation with Internet addiction. In addition, the variables of circadian types, attachment styles, and harassment styles together were able to explain 36.9% of the total variance of the Internet addiction variable.

Circadian types, attachment styles and emotional processing predict the internet addiction. Therefore, in order to reduce Internet addiction, health care providers can better understand the nature of Internet addiction by focusing on the variables of the present study and take the necessary measures to prevent female students from developing this disorder.

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders and its growing prevalence among students has become a concern. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of "Teachers' Corrective Feedback" on the expression and mental vitality of female students with depression syndrome in high school in Kangavar city.

This research was a quasi-experimental study in which a pretest-posttest design with a control group was used. The sample of the study was 40 subjects who were among the female high school students with depression syndrome, receiving a score higher than the cut-off point of 18 out of 63 in the "Beck Depression Inventory II” of Kangavar city (Kermanshah province). Samples were selected by convenience sampling method and by simple random sampling method, they were assigned to the intervention groups of "Teachers' Corrective Feedback" (20 people) and control (20 people).Demographic questionnaire, "Assertiveness Scale" and "Mental Vitality Scale" were used to collect data in the pretest and posttest stages for the intervention and control groups. Content validity was measured by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. For the intervention group, they received "Teachers' Corrective Feedback" for 10 sessions of 90 minutes per session. During this period, the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed in SPSS. 24. 

Analysis of covariance showed a significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). In addition, the level of assertiveness and mental vitality of the intervention group increased significantly compared to the control group (P <0.01).

"Teachers' Corrective Feedback" has a positive and significant effect on the level of assertiveness and mental vitality of students with depression syndrome. It is suggested that teachers use "Teachers' Corrective Feedback" to increase the expression and mental vitality of female students with depression syndrome.

Low self-esteem and poor body image cause patients with skin diseases to lack Assertiveness and avoid social interactions. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of "Assertiveness and Effective Communication Skills" training on self-esteem and self-communication in chronic skin patients. 

The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with control group. The statistical population included people with chronic skin diseases such as psoriasis, vitiligo and alopecia who referred to two dermatology clinics located in Tehran and Rasoul Akram Hospital in Tehran in 2019. Among them, 38 eligible volunteers were enrolled in the study and were randomly assigned to the two groups of training: "Courage and Effective Communication Skills" and Control. The research instruments included the demographic questionnaire, “Cooper Smith Self-Esteem Inventory” and “Multidimensional Body Self-Relations Questionnaire”. The content validity of the instruments was measured by qualitative method and the reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data were collected after conducting 8 sessions of training for the intervention group. Data were analyzed in SPSS. 24.

In the present study, the interactive effect of group on time on body self-related subscales (P=0.019, F= 4.21), body surface parts (P= 0.026, F = 3.85) and self-classification of weight (P= 0.015, F=4.47) was significant at the level of 0.05. The interactive effect of group on time on the subscales of general self-esteem (P= 0.002, F=6.68), home self-esteem (P=0.004, F=6.52) and social self-esteem (P= 0.001, F=7.01) was significant at the level of 0.01.

Training "Assertiveness and Effective Communication Skills" is effective on self-esteem and body self-communication in people with chronic skin diseases such as psoriasis, vitiligo and alopecia. Therefore, training in "Assertiveness and Effective Communication Skills" is recommended for people with skin diseases.

Sport is considered to be a problem for the development and maintenance of physical and mental health in society and its lack is considered a problem. The purpose of this study was development and Psychometrics "Factors Affecting Sports Poverty Scale”.

The present research is methodological and a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. In the qualitative section, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 faculty members and sports officials. In the quantitative part, content validity was measured by content validity ratio using Lawshe table. Content Validity Index was measured by Waltz & Bausell method. The construct validity was calculated by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis among 460 participants in public sports in West Azerbaijan province who were randomly selected by cluster sampling. Reliability was measured by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability was performed by 40 participants of public sports in West Azerbaijan province who were non-random and convenience. Data analysis was performed in SPSS. 24 and PLS .1.2.3.

From the findings of the qualitative section, scale items were obtained. The content validity ratio was 0.73 and the Content Validity Index was 0.84. The results of factor analysis with 192 items showed 16 subscales. The reliability of the scale was obtained by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient of subscales between 0.72 to 0.92 and composite reliability between 0.73 to 0.94.

The "Factors Affecting Sports Poverty Scale"was developed with validity and reliability. Therefore, its use is recommended to measure and identify the factors affecting sports poverty.

Technology is a key factor in health that has been expanding in recent years. The purpose of this study is to develop and psychometrics "Innovation Technology Hub Scale in Health" in 2019.

The present study was methodological (qualitative and quantitative). In the qualitative part, the Delphi method was used to develop the scale. Qualitative sampling method was performed by snowball and purposeful method (until saturation) with 33 lectures and experts in the field of business, technology, health and knowledge-based companies. In the quantitative part, content validity was performed qualitatively with a survey of 33 experts.  The construct validity was assessed by exploratory factor analysis method by 82 (convenience sampling method) experts. Also, divergent and convergent validity (combined method) were assessed by 82 experts (based on Morgan sampling table and simple random method). Reliability in 2 methods of internal consistency by calculating the Cronbach's coefficient (for the whole scale and each subscale) and the combined reliability coefficient (for each subscale) by 30 faculty members in the fields of entrepreneurship and university management who did not participate in the previous section were counted. Data in the qualitative part were analyzed by content analysis method and the quantitative part was analyzed using Smart PLS software. 3.5 and SPSS. 26.

In the qualitative part, the terms "Innovation Technology Hub Scale in Health" were obtained. The results of the quantitative section showed that the validity of the qualitative content of the scale is confirmed. Construct validity results, 57 terms and 6 subscales including group and structure (8 items), human infrastructure, equipment and finance (14 items), network and information exchange (10 items), market (7 items), support and facilitation (9 items), showed the creation and support of innovation (7 items). Divergent validity was obtained between 0.38 and 0.92 and convergent validity was 0.59 to 0.86. Reliability was obtained by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole scale of 0.98 and for subscales 0.92 to 0.98 and combined reliability coefficient for subscales between 0.74 to 0.92. 

The "Innovation Technology Hub Scale in Health" has validity and reliability. It is suggested that this scale be used to measure the use of technology in health.